By population growth and promotion of qualitative level of life in the recent years, the agriculture section of the country has faced a major challenge to provide food for people and reach self-sufficiency. The increase in the efficiency of water consumption in this section leads to a stable exploitation of water resources in the world. Likewise, correct management and deployment of advanced technology through humidity preserving and saving and increasing the water holding capacity might be helpful for increasing the returns of agricultural water consumption. One of the approaches of optimizing water resources and preserving them is to use superabsorbent polymers. One of other approaches to confront water shortage crisis is chain application of water which is appropriate to its quality change in different sections of consumption. To understand the impact of superabsorbent polymers and irrigation with salty water on the physical features of soil, a research is conducted. This study took place in farm conditions by factorial statistical design in the form of totally random blocks in 3 levels of superabsorbent polymer A200 (0, 0.1, 0.2 weight present) and 3 levels of the irrigation water salinity (2.7, 4, 6 Deci Siemens/meters). This study was performed in 27 similar terraces with 1×1 dimension in number one research farm of the faculty of water science engineering in Shahid Chamran University. It was repeated 3 times and during 3 months of irrigation with a 10 day irrigation period and the irrigation depth of 5 centimeters. The texture of the soil of the project site was sandy-clay loam. In order to specify the physical features of soil including apparent mass density, total porosity, field capacity moisture, permanent wilting point moisture, effective soil porosity in 0-30 cm depth and the final infiltration rate in the surface of soil were measured before irrigation and after each month of irrigation.
According to the ananlysis, the difference of mentioned parameters in diverse levels of the superabsorbent was significant in P-value of 5 percent. Adding superabsorbent to treatments with 0.1 and 0.2 weight percent, under the treatment of the Karoon water than the control sample increased the field capacity moisture by 9.18, 13.96 percent; the permanent wilting point moisture by 2.48, 6.77 percent; the final infiltration rate by 1.86, 2.16 percent and the total porosity by 4.18, 5.03 percent, respectively. But adding superabsorbent caused 3.37 and 4.05 percent decrease in the apparent mass density in the respective treatments. The effect of irrigation with salty water on parameters such as field capacity moisture, bulk density and total porosity was not significant. But it had significant effect on the other parameters. Irrigation with salty water in 4 and 6 Deci ziemens per meter treatments than the control sample increased the field capacity moisture by 1.56 and 4.07 percent; permanent wilting point moisture by 1.78 and 5.33 percent; apparent mass density by 0.23 and 0.58 percent but caused 5.89 and 7.48 percent decrease in final infiltration; 0.36 and 3.5 percent decrease in total porosity and 3.85 and 9.52 percent decrease in effective porosity, respectively. The effect of the superabsorbent surfaces on the effective porosity in comparison with the control sample casused 2.38 percent increase in the first treatment and 1.78 percent decrease in the second treatment. The interaction of different levels of superabsorbent and the salinity of irrigation water was not significant for all the parameters

 Important factors that are effective in the growth and quality of plants, especially cane sugar, is the soil moisture parameter, which, if this factor is present during the growth period, the plant will have the highest yield and also the most important factors that reduce the product is Soil moisture, which, if not sufficiently covered by the root zone of the plant, causes tensions resulting in lower productivity and performance. During the growing and harvesting period, the moisture content of the cane sugar must be evaluated. Therefore, studying and controlling factors determining the condition of cane sugar (plant cover temperature, plant moisture, soil moisture) in irrigated land are essential for proper irrigation planning and determination of the time and amount of water consumption. Also, knowing the moisture status of the soil can help us in planning and managing agriculture during the period when the plant is harvested and re-enters the growing and germination phase. But due to the vast amount of sugarcane cultivated land and plenty of farms, monitoring of each of the above factors is time consuming and economically costly. Therefore, the use of remote sensing technology and geographic information system with regard to high speed and low costs in recent years has been considered as an appropriate option for monitoring agricultural land.
In this regard, in order to conduct field information research including vegetation temperature, soil moisture content and soil moisture from Farms of Salman Farsi during the harvest season, at minimum water requirement of the plant, from November 2016 to April 2017, simultaneously with passage Landsat 8 satellite has been harvested on the field of study (Salman Farsi cultivation and industry) every time in 9 fields and at 3 points from the points known as crop logs. After performing the necessary pre-processing on satellite images in ERDAS 2014 software, it first uses thermal bands and a split window algorithm that has the highest correlation values per pass with the vegetation temperature measured using infrared thermometer NDVI and LST indices of satellite images were extracted. In the next step, using the triangular method algorithm and extracted indices and also the ENVI5.3 software, soil moisture indices including SWI, WDI and TVDI were extracted. By obtaining the correlation between the indices and the measured moisture content in the fields, With the help of SPSS software, the TVDI index had the highest correlation with the ground data, with correlation values between 0.49 and 0.68 for soil moisture at 0-30 cm depth and 0.47 to 0.64 for soil moisture at a depth of 30 to 60 cm.
In the final stage and in order to further investigate the soil moisture parameter in two depths of 30 and 60 cm, it was shown that the indices in the two depths did not show significant differences in terms of soil moisture status and hence Only by measuring soil moisture at a depth of 30 cm, the results could be extended to a depth of 30 to 60 cm. In order to extract soil moisture maps, the TVDI index was the index that showed the highest correlation with the thermal and thermal regions separately with soil moisture data. Using this index, the soil moisture zonation map was extracted in the 7 satellite passages, which showed a difference between the measured moisture and the moisture from the zoning map between 12% and 26%.

 Water shortage is one of the most important restricting factors in crop production in the world. Different methods of deficit irrigation are right solution for saving irrigation water. To investigate the effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root zone drying (PRD) on yield, yield components and water productivity of greenhouse tomato plants under hydroponic culture conditions, a research was carried out at the greenhouse complex of faculty of agriculture on Shahid chamran university of Ahvaz was implemented in 2016. The treatments of experiment consisted of control treatment and two treatments of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root zone drying (PRD), and two irrigation levels of 85% and 70% of the water requirement of the plant were carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results of data analysis showed that different methods and levels of dificit irrigation on root volume, fresh and dry weight of root, root water content, root length and width, fresh and dry weight of stem, stem water content, plant dry weight, fruit number, fruit weight, fruit height and water productivity of the product and water productivity of the air sector it has a significant effect, but on fresh and dry weight of leaf, leaf water content, leaf area, leaf area index, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, leaf number, plant height, biomass weight, fruit diameter and harvest index did not have a significant effect. Among all of treatments, the highest fruit weight and water productivity in PRD85 treatment was 2572.5 g and 16.07 kg / m3, respectively, which showed an increase of 3.5% and 22% respectively compared to the control treatment. The lowest fruit weight and water productivity in PRD70 treatments were 1189.5 g and 9.29 kg / m3, respectively, which decreased by 52% and 32%, respectively. According to the results, application of irrigation to 85% of plant water requirement and Partial root zone drying (PRD) method have the best results for greenhouse tomato cultivation in hydroponic conditions.

Shortage of water resources due to the recent drought as well as farmers trend towards mechanization of agricultural operations and irrigation operations has caused that increase trend towards pressurized irrigation systems. Accuracy in design and management of these systems is an important factor in the development and improvement of the system. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the design, implementation and operation of sprinkler irrigation systems implemented in the city of Eghlid in Fars province, Iran. For this purpose, eight fixed classic irrigation system with portable sprinklers, were selected from between systems that at least a crop season were elapsed from the exploit of them and evaluated. In the evaluating of these systems, indexes Christensen Uniformity coefficient (CU), Uniformity Distribution (DU), Potential Application Efficiency of Low Quarter (PELQ), Actual efficiency of Low Quarter parameters (AELQ), were used. In order to better analysis, the water dispersion patterns and irrigation adequacy curve was plotted. The mean value of these indexes CU, DU, PELQ and AELQ for eight systems, obtained 73.36, 61.82, 54.51 and 52.31 percent respectively. Wind and evaporation losses and deep percolation losses in these systems were 12.84 and 5.32 percent respectively. Due to low irrigation, except in a case, in the other systems potential application efficiency were equal to the actual application efficiency and lower the actual efficiency of the efficiency potential indicates that irrigation have been used more than required. The mean value of application efficiency and combined efficiency losses in these systems were 50 and 82.1 percent respectively. Unsuitable designing and operation of the studied systems were recognized the reason of low potential application efficiency. According to the results, it can be concluded by the reducing the spaces of sprinklers, pressure regulation, not using a lot of sprinklers at the same and proper maintenance of the systems, the distribution uniformity is increased.

 Considering the dry climate of the country and recent droughts, the importance of water as a vital input comes to for more than ever. Existing water resources in this areas are limited and holds mostly saline and brackish water; therefore, apart form soil moisture, salinity also affects the plant water aborption in these areas. With the help of models we are able to arrange irrigation and predict soil moisture and its salinity process. In this study, the applicability of SALTMED model in simulating corn crop root zone soil moisture and salinity is examined. In order to examine different levels of salinity, a test project in the form of absolute random block with the frequency of three occurances was carried out in research farms located in Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering during the years 2013-14, in which salinity levels 2, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 (dS/m) were designated as S0, S1, S2, S3, S4. Eleven samples of soil moisture and six samples of soil salinity were taken. After Providing required parameters for the model, sensitivity of water and salt transportation sections in relation to input paramaters was measured. Results obtained by SALTMED model sensitivity analysis showed that the model output has low sensitivity to wind speed parameter, high sensitivity to irrigation water salinity and irrigation water amount, and medium sensitiviy to other parameters. 70% of measured salinity and moisture in S0 treatment was used for calibration and the remaining 30% was used for verification of the model. R2 and NRMSE statistic parameters calculated for soil moisture calibration stage were 0.82 and 6.33 respectively and for verification stage 0.88 and 8.32 resepectively, which indicates high accuracy of the model in simulating soil moisture. Moreover, R2 and NRMSE values of soil salinity in calibration stage were 0.76 and 9.87 respectively and 0.96 and 9.14 respectively in verification stage, which indicates high accuracy of the model in simulating soil salinity. Moisture and salinity were simulated for other treatments. NRMSE statistic value calculated for S1, S2, S3, S4 treatments’ moisture were 9.89, 21.99, 10.11 and 9.87 respectively and for salinity were 19.38, 19.24, 18.07 and 16.51 respectively. According to these results, by increasing irrigation water salinity, model accuracy in simulating moisture and salinity was increased and the model could well predict soil moisture and salinity, and it can be used for irrigation with saline water management.

 If you want the water crisis, tension on agriculture, food security and social welfare should not use unconventional waters (especially saltwater and Brackish resources) in agriculture is on the agenda. Water shortage in irrigation water management practices is one of the Shur-sodium is a mixture of fresh water. In order to investigate the effect of sodium Saline-water ratios on some soil properties such as porosity and sweet, the average penetration rate, electrical conductivity, pH and sodium adsorption ratio test in a completely randomized design with three replications in Research Station Number One Water Science Engineering Department University of Chamran was a martyr. Silty loam soil texture and duration of the experiment was three months from mid-April of 1393 began and irrigation was performed 20 times. Treatments consisted of control (C): treatment that was entirely with fresh water irrigation, saline treatment, one third, two thirds of the sweet (M1), the treatment of water per irrigation with saline water and one-third of the remaining two-thirds, immediately After the intrusion of salt water, fresh water was completed, the second treatment, a passion, a sweet second (M2), treatment with two-thirds of salty, sweet one-third (M3), mixed treatment: In this treatment, the water is salty and sweet, with a ratio mixed together and then were used (M4), respectively. The results showed significant differences between treatments were not different in terms of soil acidity. M1, and M2 treatments in terms of electrical conductivity after control (C) had the highest electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio closest result to the control (C) of the M1, respectively. M4 after treatment as well as treatment control (C) had the highest penetration rate and the average porosity difference between treatments was observed.

The study, to obtain indicators of water productivity of wheat, barley, corn and alfalfa in some irrigation and drainage networks in Khuzestan province was conducted. Networks studied in this research, evan, dez, maroon, Shavoor, Karkhe, gotvand, Shadegan, Ramshir and fajr and jayzan. The productivity map networks, software, Arc Gis was drawn. Finally, the impact of productivity precipitation, the productivity index was studied. The purpose of obtaining water productivity indicator, providing a suitable cropping patterns and productivity of water use in the studied networks. The two main factors in the study of water productivity, performance products and water consumption. Data related to performance products, agricultural province were collected. Irrigation products were the khuzestan province of Water and Power. In some networks due to high irrigation water use productivity have declined. The results showed that the highest water productivity of wheat to the network, evan, productive gotvand down and shadegan 1/03, 0/98 and 0/86 kilograms per cubic meter, respectively. The barley crop, gotvand, Shadegan and Karkhe to the 0/84, 0/73 and 0/72 kilograms per cubic meter with the highest productivity. In corn, the productivity of networks Shavoor, Karkhe and maroon, respectively0/89, 0/74 and 0/72 are dedicated kilograms per cubic meter. Finally in alfalfa, networks and Ramshir with average productivity of 1/47 and 1/22 Karkhe kilograms per cubic meter had its best productivity . Interestingly, in this study, a correlation between low water productivity in irrigation and drainage network is dose. Despite the good performance in the network due to excessive consumption of water in the network, reduced water productivity and water management network in a good position in the network. Unlike doses network, the network is Shadegan. In this network, despite a correlation between low performance products , due to low water use irrigation, productivity is good for wheat and barley have. After obtaining water productivity all products, on all networks, statistical tests, they tested and differences in the level of significance of 5%, evaluated and those networks that have the best performance in every product, we have chosen. Finally, we recommend suitable cropping patterns and productivity gained. This pattern of cultivation, the crop pattern running on the network, and finally we compared introduced and presented the final cropping pattern. In the second part of this study, the effect of effective rain water productivity index was assessed. The productivity of rain water before and after impact with each other, were compared by paired t-test and the result was that in wheat, barley and alfalfa there is a significant difference at a significance level of 5%. But very little corn this difference was not significant. Because of the corn in the summer and no significant rainfall is in summer.

Drip Irrigation with high performances on steep lands, is a prope irrigation system in Iran and other countries. In Drip Irrigation system design wetting pattern is very important. One of the most important criteria when designing a drip irrigation system - a strip geometry is wetted soil caused by T-Tape Irrigation. The shape and dimensions of the wetting front are affected by some factors such as soil texture, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, flow and volume output, slope and time depend on irrigation. To evaluate the effect of slope on wetting pattern using a linear water supply a study has been taken in research field, at Shahid Chamran University Ahvaz, Iran. In this research two flow rates 6 and 9 liters per hour per unit length, three slopes, including flat, 2 and 5 percent with three replications were used. The soil texture was silt loam. The results of statistical analysis showed that with increasing discharge and slope, width and depth, area and volume soaked increases. The results showed these differences are significant in 5% level for 2 and 5 percent slopes compared to flat. Increase width soaked in for the rate of 6 liters per hour in slope of 2% with compared to a flat, 10 percent and for slope 5%, was 20 percent. Also the increase for width in the rate of 9 liters per hour respectively was 3 and 13 percent. Increase depth soaked in for the rate of 6 liters per hour in slope of 2% with compared to flat, 12.5 percent and the slope of 5%, was 25 percent. Also the increase for depth in the rate of 9 liters per hour respectively was 17 and 35 percent. Increase area in for the rate of 6 liters per hour in slope of 2% with compared to a flat, 24 percent and for slope 5%, was 56 percent and for flow rate of 9 liters per hour the increase for area, respectively was 28 and 45 percent. In each experiment, the width and depth of the wet irrigation tape were measured to estimate the size of the wetting front of dimensional analysis, simply because of the low number of parameters were used. The results showed that by increasing the slope of the ground, soaked by the bands increased diameter and depth. At last a series of scientific-empirical equations that fit very well with the results showed and this relationship can be well used in the design of drip irrigation

 As the increasing water use has raised, so has the growing population water resources have made methods adapted in order to increase water use efficiency in agricultural field. One of those methods contains using super absorbent (SAP) polymers that could be noticed for the mentioned purpose. These materials are able to increase water storage in the soil by absorbing water and, deliver it to plant when they need water. In agricultural, SAP are used as an additive substance into the soil, a repository of food, and also the super absorbent in the soil. The main aim of adding these materials in the soil is increasing soil water holding capacity. Another strategy in order to face water scarcity crisis can be considered paying attention to uncommon waters such as waste water, salt water and brackish water. Such a situation, examination the effect of salinity on physical and hydraulic soil properties is essential. This research was conducted at the lab of Chamran university of Ahvaz during winter and spring 2014, with the aim of examination effects of SAP on soil water holding capacity, soil porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity in the lab situation. This experiment was carried out in factorial layout based on complete random blocks design with three replications. The factors included three levels of SAP (0, 0.3, 0.6 weight percent) and three salinity water levels (2.6, 4, 6 ds/m), Two kind of polymer were applied, super absorbent polymer A200 made in Iran and super absorbent Aquasorb French one. After two months irrigation - seven days courses- sampling of soil was done in order to measure porosity and soil moisture under different suctions. Beside the saturated hydraulic conductivity in column soil was measured. Statistical analysis was conducted at five percent, consequently the effects of applying SAP on water holding capacity, wilting point, available water, saturated hydraulic conductivity and porosity was significant. Increasing the levels of using SAP caused those physical features to raised, and to decrease saturated hydraulic conductivity. The effect of salinity on the foregoing was significant statistically, instead saturated hydraulic conductivity. Rising salinity decreased all the physical features. The interaction effect of salinity and level of using SAP on available water, soil porosity and also water holding capacity of French SAP was significant at the level of five percent. Additionally raising using SAP increased the electrical conductivity of waste water. In this study, applying both kinds of polymer didn’t lead to significant difference on pH and drainage volume. As to examined properties Iranian and French polymer had same and close application.

Abstract : One of the main purposes of sprinkler Irrigation is the uniform distribution of water in the farm in order to not only supply crop water but also prevent wasting water. Travelling Gun System is an always-mobile kind of sprinkler irrigation that irrigates farm in dgrder-like manner. Using different model of devices, a cart with new features is designed. Esmatyeh’s cart irrigation salient properties is two irrigation wings, adjustability of sprinkler height commensurate with the type and value of the product, and reducing energy consumption. Esmatyeh Farm is one of the dedicated lands of Holly Shrine of Hazrat Fatemeh Masumeh, where Travelling Gun System has been implemented. Two used sprinklers in Esmatyeh Farm are cart Komet-163 with nozzle size of 10 mm and a sprinkling of the old one manufactured by NELSON with BIG GUN-SR 150 nozzle size 17.8 mm. To evaluate and compare the performance of Esmatyeh cart and old one in this field, in the summer of 2013 a study was conducted in two Animated Cart fixed Cart and for this purpose uniformity coefficient, uniformity of the distribution, adequacy of Irrigation, efficiency of the distribution, performance and evaporation of water application winds servitude were studied. The results showed that water spray pattern in Esmatyeh cart in the fixed state of near sprinklers (water distribution circle) will shed more water and the greater the distance from sprinkling, the less shed water on the land will be that is an appropriate model of the water distribution pattern. In depth profile of water spray system of old cart in fixed state, the depth of reached water to the ground at the distance of 10 m from the center of the cart decreases. Within the distance of 10 to 20 m from the cart the amount of reached water to the ground increases and will be at the maximum amount within the distance of 20 to 30 m. The average uniformity coefficient of Esmatyeh in fixed cart state is 46% and the average distribution uniformity of this case is 26.3%. The average of oldcart’s uniformity coefficient in fixed state is 61% and the uniformity distribution in this case is 44.8%. The comparison of evaporation losses and wind drift in these two irrigation carts shows that the average of evaporation losses and wind drift in Esmatyeh cart is 23.5% and the average of this parameter in the old cart is 42.1% in which the difference of 18.6% indicates of the decrease of evaporation losses and wind drift. In Esmatyeh cart the average of uniformity coefficient in mobile and old cart are 66.2% and 65.1% respectively. The average of uniformly distribution in the old cart and Esmatyeh cart are 48.3% and 44% respectively. On average in 86.5% of covered Esmatieh farm the efficiency of irrigation was accomplished, and the average of the efficiency of irrigation in the old cart was calculated as 66.7%. The average of Application Efficiency in the low quarter of farm covered by Esmatyeh and old cart are 32.5% and 24.7% respectively. The average of Application Efficiency in the farm that was irrigated by Esmatyeh cart was 50.2% and the average of this index was 48.8% for the old cart. According to fulfilled simulations the uniformity coefficient for Esmatyeh and old cart in overlap mode were 78.5% and 68.4% respectively, where the uniformity coefficient of Esmatyeh cart in overlap mode was higher than that of the old cart. The average of distribution uniformity for Esmatyeh and the old cart were 65.4% and 60.9% respectively. The difference of performance pressure in two carts was 122.7 kpa. This indicates that the employment of Esmatyeh cart reduces energy consumption and increases the performance of the irrigation system. Considering 25% overlap in each irrigation and the average pressure of 280 pa Esmatyeh cart irrigates a furrow with the width of 38.5 meters and regarding the employed spool, it is capable of irrigating an area of 1.16 ha. Esmatyeh cart irrigates 10% of an area more than the old one in each time of irrigation.

Abstract: Determine the most appropriate time to irrigation is an important decision that farm planners are faced to it. Irrigation scheduling methods includes that: using of plant indexes, soil indexes and meteorological data. In order to scheduling of irrigation of summer Maize in Ahwaz climatic conditions, the present research was conducted using canopy temperature, soil moisture and evaporation pan control, in No. 1 Research Farm of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, 2013-2014 crop years under two different irrigation methods that includes sprinkler irrigation (classical fixed the sprinkler) and surface irrigation (furrow) were performed in three replicates. In order to calculate the upper and lower baseline, CWSI, leaf temperature measurements were done in the days before and after irrigation and to determine the amount of irrigation, soil samples were taken in the days before irrigation. CWSI index for sprinkler irrigation in September and October was 0.14 and 0.18 respectively and the value of CWSI index is equal to 0.14 and 0.15 respectively for surface irrigation. Comparison of Lower stress baseline equation that calculated for surface irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, indicates less water stress due to lower stress baseline in surface irrigation than sprinkler irrigation. Based on measurements of soil moisture monitoring, the gross depth of irrigation for Maize under sprinkler irrigation was 761.4 (mm) and surface irrigation was 799.2 (mm), respectively. According to the calculations, the best pan coefficient as daily basis for Ahvaz climatic conditions with Allen method was found and its value varies between 0.65 and 0.71. The most suitable time for irrigation of summer Maize using evaporation pan class "A" was expressed in August and September after 60 mm and in October after 40 mm of cumulative evaporation from evaporation pan class "A". The results of application performance of irrigation scheduling by CropWat model in standard conditions showed that this model calculates the gross depth of irrigation 50(mm) more than the calculated gross depth of irrigation and express shorter Irrigation frequency than Soil moisture control method.

Iran is placed in the dry belt of the world and there is an inevitable need to perform the irrigation in it. Surface irrigation is the most common method among the available irrigation methods in Iran. However it has less output in Iran. One of the ways to identify and control the factors effective on its optimum performance is to use the mathematical relationships and computer simulation software. SIRMOD , composed of hydrodynamics, zero inertia and kinematic wave, has many applications in designing and managing the surface irrigation. But beside the widespread application of this model around the world, it is less known and used in Iran. Then, in the present study by using the testing and desert data collecting in the agricultural year 2012-2013 in the sample field of Chahrmahal&Bakhtiari Agricultural Research and Natural Resource , first hydrodynamic, zero inertia and kinematic wave models was studied from SIRMOD software package and then the nearest condition to the field condition was introduced to implement the required recommendations for improving the efficiency of the surface irrigation (furrow) system. For implementing this study, three furrows were created , length of each was determined based on the soil texture and 50meter norm of the region. One of the ledges was selected as the main ledge and two other ones were selected for repetition. After preparing the ledges, operation of the culture of NS forage corn. For measuring the input and outputs of each ledge, WSC flume 1type was used. Soil texture of the field was clay loam and mean slope was 0.002. moreover, irrigation of all ledges was done by arc-like siphones. 12 steps of irrigation was done in 7-10 days and the water of the irrigation was provided by a semi- deep well. For this purpose, parameter including physical properties of the field soil, depth of development of the plant root, output and input runoff hydrograph, progression and regression times, ect were recorded. Also by using these parameters, Kostiakoph-Luis equation coefficient, depth of the water penetrated to the various parts of the field and the evaluation parameters of the fields including application of the water in the field, runoff loss percentage, depth penetration and also consistency output were calculated. Then the data required for implementing SIRMOD were entered and the model was implemented. In the next step, outputs of the model were compared with their corresponding results to introduce the nearest condition to the condition of the field. Based on the obtained results, all three SIRMOD software precisely simulated the parameters including application of the water in the field, consistency output, regression time, depth of the penetrated water in the various parts of the fields and loss percentage of the runoff and depth penetration but beside the proper estimation the progression time in the initial points of the field, they didn’t have proper precision in simulating these parameters in the final points of the field. All three models, kinematic wave, zero inertia and hydrodynamic, simulated the output of the water application with the mean error 8.9. finally, based on the results of this study, ability of SIRMOD software for simulating many parameters shows the condition of the corn field under the ledge irrigation in the acceptable limits. Among the available models in SIRMOD software package, kinematic wave model, beside the simplification done in it, has better performance than zero inertia and hydrodynamic model.

 To analyze the soil salinity distribution patterns in the surface and sprinkle irrigation systems under different salinity treatments and simulating by Hydrus-1D, a study is done on Shahid Chamran university research field. Single Cross 704 corn was cultivated in the summer of 2012. The sprinkle irrigation system was double source system. The distance between two laterals was divided in five parts (S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5) as the salinity treatments in three replications. The surface (Furrow) irrigation system consists of five plots as salinity treatments in three replicaions. The amount of applied irrigation water was determined based on soil moisture deficit. The soil sampling was done in four stages during cultivation from four layers (0-30, 30-60, 60-90 and 90-120 cm). The results showed that in both irrigation systems the salt accumulation were increased in all layers and the most saline layer was 0-30 cm. In all treatments the soil salinity decreased along soil depth. The average of salinity in sprinkle irrigation system for the layers of 0-30, 30-60, 60-90 and 90-120 cm respectively was lower, the same, higher and higher than the surface irrigation system. The simulation is done for the third stage of sampling. According to regression coefficients, the simulation was proper on both irrigation systems, but on surface system the best simulation was belong to the 0-30 cm layer, and the simulation accuracy was reduced along soil depth. Generally the model’s salinity simulation results were lower than the observed data.