Selecting of rain design in using ordinary ways is a primary step in order to have access flood estimations design and determine.
the time of rain as one of the features rain design in order to estimate flood and also design of drainage system have a particular importance in this research in order to identify the best model four ways of determination the temporal distribution of rainfall( no dimension, pilgrim, triangular hydrograph, huff) in continuation of 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 hours in a statistical period of 33 years and from 1360 to 1393 from four rain guage stations of Khuzestan province( Dezful, Ahwaz, Baghmalek, Behbahan) analysis and comparison are calculated.
the results that from four ways of determine the rainfall pattern, triangular hydrograph computational is the best way. at the end the result of temporal distribution of rainfall pattern were compared scs type patterns in all four stations .
The results shows that the greater the numbers of the samples the better reliability of calculated pattern also the results indicate that in continuation of 1, 2, 12 hours has good correlation between type patterns of scs and the resulting patterns from Ahwaz and Baghmalek stations but the result patterns of Dezful and Behbahan station has little correlation in any of 8 continuity with scs type pattern. But according to RMSE, values of type 4 SCS is the best template.

 Today due to population increase and considerable need for water, water shortage is one of the most considerable problems of humankind. At this time considerable part of water supply are provided by undergroundwater source mainly because of limited accessibility of surface water source in the other side, remarkable amount of contaminants are released into the nature, which affects underground water sources with the passing of time. Investigation and recognition of the areas which are more susceptible to contamination is one of the most common methods to investigate the potential of underground water vulnerability that most scientist have exploited it all over the world. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate aquifer vulnerability Jarmh using models Drastic and SINTACS and AHP-FUZZY against contamination and aquifer status is the area. Models based on seven important parameters Hydrological and hydrogeological affecting the transmission of infection (depth to water, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, environment and conducting unsaturated hydraulic) founded. Using Geographic Information System (GIS) seven aquifer hydrological parameters, were combined in the listed models. In the AHP-FUZZY method weight parameters were determined based on expert knowledge by Chang method. The vulnerability maps were made plain by overlaying existing hydrological data. The results of the DRASTIC method showed that about 15.5% of the total area the vulnerability of very low, 51.5% Vulnerability low, 33% vulnerability moderate. The results of the sintacs method showed that 0.2% of the total area the vulnerability of very low, 14% Vulnerability low, 70.6% vulnerability moderate and 15.2% vulnerability relatively high. The results of the AHP-FUZZY method showed that 90.6% of the total area the vulnerability of very low, 0.5% Vulnerability low, 3.1% vulnerability moderate and 5.8% vulnerability relatively high. The fuzzy model is selected as the efficient model because of higher correlation with nitrate for vulnerability assessment of the jrmeh plain.امروزه با افزایش جمعیت در دنیا و افزایش نیاز آبی، مشکل کم آبی از مهمترین چالش های بشری در دنیا می¬باشد. در شرایط کنونی بخش قابل توجه¬ای از نیاز آبی به علت دسترسی محدود به منابع آب¬های سطحی توسط منابع آب¬های زیرزمینی تامین می¬گردد. از سوی دیگر حجم عظیمی از آلاینده¬ها توسط عوامل انسانی در طبیعت رها می¬شود که با گذشت زمان بر آب های زیرزمینی تاثیر می-گذارند. بنابراین جلوگیری از آلودگی آب¬های زیرزمینی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در زمینه ارزیابی پتانسیل آسیب¬پذیری در آب¬های زیرزمینی، شاخص آسیب¬پذیری دراستیک، یکی از روش¬های بسیار رایج است و محققین بسیاری در اکثر نقاط جهان از این روش جهت ارزیابی آسیب¬پذیری آبخوان¬ها استفاده کرده¬اند. هدف اصلی از این پژوهش بررسی آسیب¬پذیری آبخوان دشت جارمه با استفاده از مدل¬های دراستیک و سینتکس و AHP-FUZZY از نظر آلودگی و وضعیت آبخوان منطقه می¬باشد. مدل¬های مذکور بر اساس هفت پارامتر مهم هیدرولوژیکی و هیدروژئولوژیکی تاثیرگذار بر انتقال آلودگی (عمق سطح ایستابی، تغذیه خالص، محیط آبخوان، محیط خاک، توپوگرافی، محیط غیراشباع وهدایت هیدرولیکی) پایه گذاری گردید. با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) هفت پارامتر مهم هیدرولوژیکی آبخوان، در مدل¬های ذکر شده ترکیب گردید.در روش AHP-FUZZY وزن پارامترها بر پایه دانش کارشناسی به روش چانگ تعیین شد. در نهایت نقشه¬های آسیب¬پذیری دشت با همپوشانی داده¬های هیدرولوژیکی موجود ساخته شدند. نتایج حاصل از روش DRASTIC نشان داد که حدود 5/15 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه، آسیب پذیری خیلی کم، 5/51 درصد آسیب¬پذیری کم، 33 درصد منطقه آسیب¬پذیری متوسط بوده است. نتایج حاصل از روش SINTACS نشان می¬دهد که 2/0 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری خیلی کم، 14 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری کم، 6/70 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری متوسط و 2/15 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری نسبتا زیاد می¬باشد. نتایج حاصل از روش AHP –FUZZY نشان داد که حدود 6/90 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری خیلی کم، 5/0 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری کم، 1/3 درصد منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری متوسط، 8/5 منطقه مورد مطالعه آسیب پذیری نسبتا زیاد می¬باشد. با توجه به اینکه کاربری عمده دشت کشاورزی است و یکی از منابع مهم آلودگی¬های مهم کشاورزی استفاده از کودهای نیتراتی است. جهت صحت سنجی نتایج هر سه روش از نقشه هم نیترات استفاده شد. مدل فازی به دلیل همبستگی بالاتر با غلظت نیترات به عنوان مدل کارآمدتر برای ارزیابی آسیب پذیری دشت جارمه انتخاب گردیده است

 The Dez river is one of the important rivers in the grand Karoon river's system which in addition to having important effect on the quality and hydraulical specifications of this system, also, that’s the source of water which is needed for industrials and agricultural planes in the area. However, increasing in exploitation of the water resource from one side and discharging the urban, industrial and specially, agricultural sewages to the river from the other side, threaten the quality of the river's water. One of the harmful effects of river's pollution is the ecosystem destruction that occurs due to high density of pollutants. Because of water resources limitation, increasing in probability of pollution and importance of providing environmental requirement of river, optimizing the flow of the river is necessary so that it can provide simultaneously two goals: providing the environmental requirement flow and decreasing the damages of pollution. In this thesis, released flow at the dam was provided so that while providing environmental flow, it can minimize two conflicting targets: pollution density and needed time to decreasing pollution density to an acceptable level, in a way that causes less damage to environment. In this thesis, environmental flow of the Dez river was determined by optimizing the released flow at the dam. To do that, at first, the environmental flow was determined and the quality of river was simulated by using QUAL-2K model. Then, by using NASH theory, the optimized releasing flow at the dam was determined for qualitative and quantitative in five relative weights scenarios which determined values were respectively 60, 54, 78, 81 and 96 cubic meters per second. For each of these five scenarios, average of density was obtained respectively 2.1, 2.2, 1.8, 1.7 and 1.6 milligrams per liter, and for each of these scenarios the contact length was determined respectively 150.3, 149.4,1 52.2, 152.5 and 153.3 kilometers. As observed, in fifth scenario that the weights of downstream requirement and environmental requirement were increased, maximums of released flow and contact length and minimum of average density were obtained that according to Tenant table, it provides environmental requirement greatly.

 Groundwater sources are the second important available source of fresh water in the World after glaciers. Developments in population, agriculture & industry caused increase in use of these sources & also decrease of groundwater levels. To understand the situation of groundwater sources & their optimized management it is essential to have exact investigation of fluctuation & process of changes groundwater levels. With exact study of fluctuations of groundwater levels we are able to schedule for provision of trustworthy water & also to manage water sources. In the present study , the changes in groundwater using information Khanmirza located in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province of fourteen wells That two rings of them due to lack of statistics and two other rings because of the lack of large number of data and lack of data were excluded the possibility of opening And finally the All ten wells in three monthly , quarterly and yearly analysis using Mann-Kendall and Sen evaluation And then review the results with the results of the regional groundwater levels in the region, were studied. To evaluate regional trend of groundwater level from Regional Kendall test & to Clustering the region we used fuzzy clustering method. The results in three scales annual , quarterly and monthly using Mann-Kendall and Sen's analysis suggests that the central and southern areas , including the area of Faizabad and Deh ali- Deh rashyd are, The largest drop was observed . The studies also indicate that the use of regional Kendall underground water level drop lower reduction than the rest of the South region .

 Ground water is the main source of water for drinking, agriculture and industry. In recent years, due to climate change, prolonged droughts, increased drilling operation and excessive use of groundwater has led to sharply reduced groundwater levels, which this event will follow many risks including land subsidence and desertification increase, so accurate and reliable prediction of groundwater levels is of particular importance. In recent years, usage of nonlinear models in ground water prediction such as time-series models, wavelet analysis, artificial neural networks, genetic programming, SVM models and … got a lot of attention by investigators. Wavelet transform by signal decomposition into time and frequency such as Fourier analysis method for signal proposes new method for signal processes. In the present investigation, to evaluate the use of time-series models and a combined time series – wavelet models in order to prediction of ground water level in Firuzabad Plain is investigated. Time series decompose into subseries by means of wavelet analysis, various wavelet functions, in different decomposition surfaces. in other words, by wavelet decomposition each signal of series is decomposed into two signals, approximant signal and detail signal. Detail signal concerning decomposition surface, is decomposed into sections d1,…,di, then these series are used as input of time series of ARIMA. In order to consider the ability of the current method , the results are compared to the results of ARIMA time series method. To investigate this, 10 observation well in Firuzabad is investigated and 5 functions (haar, coif, symlet, db, db4) in 4 surface decomposition are used. The results of the present study indicate that prediction of groundwater level using a combined time series – wavelet model has better performance and lower error composed to time-series model. Also, the wavelet function db4 in the second decomposition to predict the groundwater level was chosen as the best wavelet function.

Rainfall-runoff continuous modeling is the base of many studies such as water resources management, flood control, climate change effects, drought management, and so on. According to the importance of the subject, the modeling of the phenomena is set as the main goal of the research. As the continuous hydrologic models account the most of hydrologic processes in sequence of wet and dry periods, this study constructed based on this type of the models. Soil moisture accounting (SMA) model is the applied continuous hydrologic method that considers many of processes such as precipitation, interception, depression, infiltration, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, groundwater storage and its outflow into the stream. So HMS-SMA and Kasilian basin were used in this study as the model and the case study, respectively. Because of the especially weakness that exists in the manual and automatic calibration of HMS, an automatic calibration based on the external ant colony optimization for continuous domain (ACOR) was set up in MATLAB software environment. The new calibration program based on the ACOR was verified, and then two four years data set of rainfall-runoff was calibrated and validated separately. Annual calibration due to the unsatisfied results was discarded and semi-annual calibration chosen instead. Results of calibration and validation evaluated based on Nasch-Sutcliffe criterion that it was generally in a good and satisfied range for calibration and validation steps, respectively. Finally sensitivity analysis of the hydrologic model parameters was studied, and maximum soil infiltration, maximum soil storage, maximum tension storage and maximum soil percolation were determined as sensitive parameters.

Properly prediction of hydrological processes can help in the context of optimal design of water and engineering projects as well as the prevention of risks they have. In this context, logical and accurate process modeling of rainfall - runoff is the first and most important step in the fight and faced with a natural disaster of floods. This stochastic process depends on factors and parameters such as weather conditions, moisture, infiltration, evaporation and associated with complications, therefore, to study this process, the black box models, including time series model or the recently models of artificial neural networks (ANN) is widely used that it is also capable of predicting and modeling the nonlinear processes. Concurrent with the development of the ANN using wavelet analysis has been significant progressed in the field of hydrology.The combination of these two features resulted in hybrid model of wavelet-neural networks which has the better performance to predict hydrological processes.
After that the time-series using the wavelet analysis decomposed into the several sub-series and this subseries interred into neural networks and results were obtained with different degrees of decomposition and the different number of neurons in the middle layer. In continuation the results are compared with the artificial neural networks and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system.
The results showed that this method has better performance than ANN and ANFIS. It can be clearly seen on the coefficient of efficiency (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE). In this arrange, the act of resolution and separation is done on the amount of time series data before entering in the network and the primary signal is decomposed into several sub-signals. With doing this, inputs weight coefficients into neural network are set in the base of the amount of time series influences. This includes the short and long term impacts of time series and makes the network more efficient in the future assessment.
The results of the flow predictions indicate that the Gamasiyab River flow is reduction and this content is seen as a threat for Nahavand city.
 

Investigation and predication of discharge is a matter that has been considered by professionals because of its critical contribution in designing the aquatic projects and it is what has long motivated themto introduce various techniques to achieve to maximum accuracy in predicating the rivers flow. On the one hand, with regard to importance and criticality of capturing the surface water, in particular in a country like Iran where the majority of its rivers are seasonal and a large part of the country suffers from scarcity of water, there is a pressing need to identify and model the rivers and streamsbehavior for long term planning and exploitation of their potentials. This research aims to predicate theKhoramabad river flow by artificial neural network (ANN) and time series model. In this study, the three networks of multilayered perceptron, back- propagation and orbit radius function are used to predicate the flooding of the river. The results of these networks were compared with time series models. For this purpose, the daily climate and hydrological data related to three stations of Cham Anjir ,Khoramabad and Dehnoo over a 31-year statistical period were used. The parameters affecting on discharge were determined by examining the correlation between this data and the river discharge. After normalizing the data, the different models were developed. By analyzing the different models, it was found that the Radial Basis produces the best results among the others. By comparing these networks with time series models it was revealed that neuralnetwork model has the better performance and the ability of predication than the ARIMAX and ARIMA.

Today , due to the scarcity and importance of water resources protection of groundwater resources is essential in life . For this purpose susceptibility of potential contamination of groundwater is one of the ways in which it can help us. In this study groundwater resources of Khorramabad plain assessment by using DRASTIC model and Analytical Hierarchy Process .The DRASTIC model based on seven parameter Depth to water , net Recharge , Aquifer media , Soil media , Topography, Impact of vadose zone media and hydraulic Conductivity of the aquifer is made . With the help of GIS layers provided the environment pollution prone areas were identified by both methods .As for the final vulnerability map of DRASTIC about 36.5 percent of the study area has very low vulnerability, about 23.9 percent of the study area has low vulnerability, about 30.1 percent of the study area has a moderate vulnerability , and about 9.5 percent of the moderate to high vulnerability . Also by using AHP method about 41.1 percent of the study area has very low vulnerability, about 19.3 percent of the study area has low vulnerability , about 30.1 percent of the study area has a moderate vulnerability , and about 9.5 percent of the moderate to high vulnerability.
Also for accuracy of the survey results for both methods were used map of Nitrat that has good agreement with the AHP model with coefficient correlation (0.875) .
 

Coagulant materials mostly used in water treatment include Aluminium Sulfate and Iron salts. Nowadays JAR test is considered one of the available methods for determining the kind and amount of coagulant material in water laboratories. Due to the multi criteria nature of the decision making process, choosing the best coagulant material, considering the different criteria of the JAR test, is not an easy task. In this research, the results of the JAR test considering the criteria including opaqueness removal, remaining mud volume, price, as well as the amount and the effects of the coagulant material on the water pH have been used to determine the best coagulant material and amount for decreasing the opaqueness of the water in Karun River. In the experiments of this research we used four materials including Ferrous Sulfate, Aluminum Sulfate, Ferric Chloride, and Poly Aluminium Chloride, with consuming amounts equal to 5, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 25 mg/lit, on samples of the water from Karun River with 107.5 (NTU) and 23.85 (NTU) opaqueness. After the experiments were carried out, the data analysis was performed by EC2000 software application.The results of the experiments show, In the sampel of water with 107.5 (NTU) opaqueness, the best coagulant material is Ferric Chloride with consuming amount equal to 12 mg/lit, and the criteria including consuming amount, remaining mud volume, and the effects of the coagulant material on the water pH have the highest weight, respectively, in determining the ultimate option. In the sample of water with 23.5 (NTU) opaquenessm, the best coagulant material is poly Aluminium Chloride with consuming amount equal to 12 mg/lit, and the criteria including consuming amount, the effects of the coagulant material on the water pH and the cost of the coagulant material have the highest weight, respectively, in determining the ultimate option. The results show, We cannot perform a proper decision making about the type and the amount of the coagulant material just by considering the criterion of opaqueness removal rate. too, The effects of multiple decision makers in the decision making process in order to choose the ultimate option will significantly decrease.